There is something odd about change in organisations.
Everywhere markets are displaying the pressures for change, and companies are – also everywhere – seeking to engineer responses to those pressures. Re-structuring plans, creating new competitive strategies, process streamlining, cost savings programmes, these are everywhere you look.
And yet very few of these changes ever seem to ‘land’ successfully. In many cases not much actually does seem to change, for better or for worse. In other cases, there are the well documented change disasters; Sun Microsystems seeking to transition toward low cost / high volume production systems; General Motors re-structuring from stand-alone divisional groups to geographically centred functions.
The whole field of organisational change is littered with examples of failed or excruciatingly slow transition from current to desired competitive positions.
Why is this? Why do the majority of change initiatives fail to produce the desired results, often despite the enormous expenditure of resources; money, time, management focus, loss of customer focus? What’s missing?
In a nutshell, we think it’s the ‘I’ word. In our view most change efforts are over-focussed on the planning elements of change, and insufficient attention is given to the key issue of implementation.
Fig 1 below sets out what is supposed to happen and what a balanced change scorecard might look like…Fig 2 sets out what in our experience is the reality
Fig 1 Change: Balanced Resourcing
Fig 2 Change: The Realities
The size of the bubble indicates the usual degree of resourcing and focus, as does the connection / disconnection between the bubbles.
We exaggerate to make a point of course, but many readers here will recognise the pattern. Organisations devote much focus to change planning, but give poor resourcing / attention to making something happen. Little attention is given to learning and avoiding previous mistakes and errors. Poor change realisation on the ground is the result.
TORI’s experience suggests that there are several reasons for this imbalance:
a) Implementing change is difficult, and linked to complex, multiple variables
b) Implementing change carries high risks of failure for managers
c) Implementing change requires complex skills gained from experience. Few managers have these in depth.
d) Implementing change is frequently seen as the domain of mere ‘operational’ managers. The language of ‘strategic planning’ and ‘strategy’ are contrasted with mere ‘deployment’ and ‘tactics’, and is a language of carefully maintained hierarchy. Here is a quote from the CIO of a major global organisation:
“Basically the strategy stuff is done here. We take the lead on the thought leadership in the business. The doing stuff can be left to the operational people and the grunts.”
This is a vivid example, but captures a common theme. It may come as no surprise to learn that this organisation spent over $2m forming a ‘strategic Target Operating Model (TOM)’ with little evidence of value realising activity on the ground.
e) Implementing change invariably disturbs existing power balances and existing sources of authority in the organisation. This is risky for managers. Careers are at stake, people can be blamed. In organisations rooted in fixed hierarchies and structures – many major organisations are like this – playing safe and waiting for the change impetus to dwindle is the safest option.
f) Implementing change is frequently an ‘add on’ to the existing work loads of managers. Bonus and promotion are usually linked to the maintenance of BAU procedures rather than the achievement of those ‘new’ and unsettling outcomes.
These – and other variables – are strong forces acting as attritional ‘drag’ on change implementation efforts. The surprise here is not the limited impact of those initatives, but that any change in organisations occurs at all.
If you’d like to know how TORI can help you achieve successful change initiatives, please email info@toriglobal.com or call 020 7025 5555

